There are another 2 parts to that video - well worth a watch. In these parts of the world, culture is very important and people want a male baby to keep the family name - this is one of the reasons China had so many babies (and it is true for India) The idea behind the one child policy is good, and it has been successful in China. The methods about enforcing the rule could have been a bit formal as rules/fines were found to be stricter/more relaxed in certain provinces. There is a low literacy rate in India. As India is an agriculturist country, most of the people living in the rural part of India are subsistence farmers. These farmers have little or no education at all. They live in large families, sometimes in joint, where four or five children are common. Schools are overcrowded. What China realised was that if they have half the number of children going to school, they all get a better education as help is more concentrated on the children the country does have. The whole ethos behind it all was to create a very powerful nation, but it has done far more for that for China today. Without the policy, a Malthusian disaster would have certainly been in China's midst, coupled with the fact that building/infrastructure was growing so fast networks were not being built properly. Remember the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? It killed many people due to unsafe building construction - earthquakes are very common too, as Asia is a region of much seismic activity. What i'm trying to say is things would have only got worse for them without the policy. So i think introducing a similar thing in India would be great, they are already developing serious problems. What China did well in was the educational, housing and healthcare benefits that came to couples who kept to the policy, and the punishments that came to the same factors if the rule was broken. India would have a hell of a job to do, especially with the millions of people living in slums - there would be no way to control people there.